Abstract
The acoustic wave motion is described by the equations of aerodynamics that are linearized because of the small fluctuations that occur in acoustic waves compared to the static state variables. The fluid motion is described generally by three equations: Continuity equation – conservation of mass; Newton's law – conservation of momentum; and state law – pressure volume relationship. The radiation of sound is key to understanding how energy is introduced into wave fields. A detailed understanding of fundamental sources is helpful for the radiation of vibrating structures and thus, how they exchange acoustic energy. A plane wave striking a plane surface is a first example of interaction with obstacles. A plane wave passing a flat interface between two infinite fluid volumes with different density and sound velocity. The dynamic range of acoustic quantities can be very high; thus, a logarithmic scale is well established for the quantification of acoustic signals.
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