Abstract
In Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) choosing the proper laser wavelength is extremely important. In this article, we have investigated the effects of four different laser wavelengths on oxidant parameters (AGE, AOPP, and ox-LDL) levels in diabetic Wistar rats experimentally. At first, 24 rats were divided into six equal groups. Except for the none diabetic control group, the other five groups received streptozotocin (STZ) injection to induce diabetes. Four groups of diabetic rats were then irradiated by four different laser wavelengths IR (808nm), Red (638nm), Green (532nm) and Blue (450nm). The last group which did not receive any irradiation is named non-irradiated diabetic control group. Laser therapies were performed Intravenously through an animal's caudal vein by a fiber Optics. Finally, the levels of oxidant parameters in rat's blood samples of each group were discussed. Results show a decrease in oxidants levels in all four irradiated groups of rats relative to the non-irradiated diabetic control group. More importantly, shorter wavelengths affect more efficient than longer wavelengths on reducing the oxidants levels with constant Laser energy. As a result, we conclude that laser with shorter wavelength e.g. Blue is more effective than longer wavelengths e.g. IR or Red, in reducing the oxidant parameters (AGE, AOPP, and ox-LDL) levels in Intravenous LLLT.
Highlights
IntroductionLow-level laser therapy (LLLT) recognized as laser photo-therapy [1], has been known as a dose rate related treatment without any promptly noticeable temperature rise in the irradiated tissue. [2] Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been evolved in medicine for more than 40 years. [3, 41] The mechanism of LLLT is proposed to be based on the absorption of photons by cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal enzyme in the mitochondrial respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction process of oxygen used in energy metabolism. [4]Metabolic diseases such as diabetes are one of the most concerning health problems [18].Regarding the worldwide complications caused by diabetes, the WHO Global Burden of Disease estimated that around 177 million people in the world were dealing with diabetes in the year 2000
We have focused on the laser wavelength effect mostly used in intravascular low-level laser therapy to reduce the oxidant parameters: AGE, Advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP), and ox-LDL
In all of our reported data, a decrease in the oxidant level is shown by increasing the time of laser irradiation, so we conclude that irradiation has a positive effect while it has not overdosed
Summary
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) recognized as laser photo-therapy [1], has been known as a dose rate related treatment without any promptly noticeable temperature rise in the irradiated tissue. [2] Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been evolved in medicine for more than 40 years. [3, 41] The mechanism of LLLT is proposed to be based on the absorption of photons by cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal enzyme in the mitochondrial respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction process of oxygen used in energy metabolism. [4]Metabolic diseases such as diabetes are one of the most concerning health problems [18].Regarding the worldwide complications caused by diabetes, the WHO Global Burden of Disease estimated that around 177 million people in the world were dealing with diabetes in the year 2000. [2] Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been evolved in medicine for more than 40 years. Regarding the worldwide complications caused by diabetes, the WHO Global Burden of Disease estimated that around 177 million people in the world were dealing with diabetes in the year 2000. [5] And it has been estimated that by 2030, there will be 370 million people that are affected by diabetes, Hossein Mirmiranpour et al.: Wavelength Effect in Laser Therapy of Diabetic Rats on Oxidants: AGEs, AOPP, ox-LDL Levels worldwide.[6] Especially since, 80% of the total number of patients are from poor and middle-income countries. Since, 80% of the total number of patients are from poor and middle-income countries. [40]
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