Abstract
According to the performance requirements, either bulk or nanocrystalline form of the material can be used for different types of device applications. In the present study, zirconium triselenide bulk crystals were grown by direct vapour transport technique. The energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) confirms the purity of the grown crystals. The as-grown crystals and powder have been examined under Carl Zeiss optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for morphological studies which revealed the evolution of crystalline phases of the material by the layered kind of growth mechanism. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern analysis showed the grown crystals possess good crystallinity, whereas X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the monoclinic phase of the crystals. To study the effect of different wavelength sources (Blue-470 nm, Green-540 nm, Red-670 nm) on bulk zirconium trisulfide photodetectors, a pulse photo response experiment was carried out. The anisotropic behaviour is also revealed using the same sources. Various device parameters like responsivity, sensitivity, detectivity and external quantum efficiency (EQE%) were calculated. The highest responsivity and detectivity of 81.7 µA/W and 3.56 × 107 Jones were achieved for blue (470 nm) light source, respectively.
Highlights
Two-dimensional (2D)-layered materials have emerged as a new class of materials with unusual optical, electrical, mechanical and thermal properties
The as-grown crystals and powder have been examined under Carl Zeiss optical microscope and scanning electron microscope for morphological studies which revealed the evolution of crystalline phases of the material by the layered kind of growth mechanism
The observed values are near to the calculated values and the final product is zirconium rich material as per the energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDAX) data
Summary
Two-dimensional (2D)-layered materials have emerged as a new class of materials with unusual optical, electrical, mechanical and thermal properties. Transition Metal Tarichalcogenides (TMTCs) of layered group-IV with the chemical formula of MX3, e.g., M = Zr, Ti and X = S, Se, Te, are known to be anisotropic 2D systems[4,5] These trichalcogenides are often synthesized in thin fibrous ribbons shape and offer several interesting phenomena originating from their large structural in-plane anisotropy as individual MX3 layers are made out of moderately interacting 1Dlike chain structures[6,7,8,9]. Light sensors based on ZrS3 material were fabricated using the nanoribbons and nanobelts forms and tested under various illumination sources like LASER16, white light[17], Ultra violate to NIR18 and was reported These devices showed good responsivity towards respective illuminations with minimum external bias. The growth process, characterization and application of ZrS3 material in its bulk crystalline form is demonstrated
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