Abstract
Waveform modelling is a numerical technique used for minimizing the difference between observed and synthetic seismograms. The matching between observed and synthetic seismogram can be achieved by adjusting some controlling parameters, while generating the synthetic seismogram. Earthquakes are recorded using seismometer/accelerometers, and synthetic seismograms can be generated by approximating earthquake source, medium properties and instrument response. In most cases, instrument response is readily available by the instrument manufacturers, whereas earthquake source and medium properties are modelled mathematically. Synthetic seismograms can be generated either by adjusting the earth structure or the source parameters of the observed event. If the earth structure is given, earthquake source parameters can be extracted from the observed seismogram using the moment tensor inversion technique. In contrast, earth's subsurface information like velocity, density and attenuation, can be extracted from the observed seismic waves with the knowledge of earthquake source parameters using seismic waveform tomography.
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