Abstract
This paper investigates the wave transmission through artificial reefs utilised as low-crested breakwaters to mitigate coastal erosion and reduce wave energy. The study utilises the DualSPHysics smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) solver to evaluate the effectiveness of such structures. Wave transmission coefficients were computed for various reef configurations and wave conditions. Results indicate that the shifted reef configuration provides a higher level of wave height reduction for non-breaking waves, while there is no significant difference for breaking waves. The study further reveals that the efficiency of the breakwater decreases with an increase in wave steepness. However, the total wave energy significantly decreases, leading to a gradual reduction in wave height as it travels further from the breakwater. The outcomes of this research can aid in the optimisation and design of artificial reefs for coastal protection.
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