Abstract
Abstract A two-dimensional pole-to-pole numerical model with background solstitial winds has been used to study the global dynamical response of the thermosphere to high-latitude energy inputs associated with a model geomagnetic storm. This model storm has four distinct pulses of heat input over a 12-h period. The thermospheric wave response to the sustained part of the storm heat input consists in the establishment of a global meridional circulation that is initiated in about 3 to 4 hours after storm commencement and never quite reaches steady state in the simulation. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction between the disturbances and the mean meridional flow associated with the storm. It is shown that this interaction can be represented in terms of an induced circulation. This induced circulation is forced by the transient nature of the eddy flux convergences (divergences) of heat and momentum. The equivalent temperature changes due to the induced circulation are one-third to o...
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