Abstract
One of the most important properties of photonic band-gap (PBG) materials is the confinement of light whose frequency lies in the bandgap [1]. Many of the envisioned applications of PBG materials rely on the degree to which this confinement characteristic is realized. It follows, therefore, that while it is important to examine the special properties of PBG materials in its perfect form, it may also be important to study the wave behavior in imperfect PBG materials, so as to gain the knowledge about PBG material requirements in practical applications. In particular, it is of interest to see what happens to waves when there is a density of imperfections, or impurities, in PBG materials.
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