WATsite: hydration site prediction program with PyMOL interface.

Abstract

Water molecules that mediate protein-ligand interactions or are released from the binding site on ligand binding can contribute both enthalpically and entropically to the free energy of ligand binding. To elucidate the thermodynamic profile of individual water molecules and their potential contribution to ligand binding, a hydration site analysis program WATsite was developed together with an easy-to-use graphical user interface based on PyMOL. WATsite identifies hydration sites from a molecular dynamics simulation trajectory with explicit water molecules. The free energy profile of each hydration site is estimated by computing the enthalpy and entropy of the water molecule occupying a hydration site throughout the simulation. The results of the hydration site analysis can be displayed in PyMOL. A key feature of WATsite is that it is able to estimate the protein desolvation free energy for any user specified ligand. The WATsite program and its PyMOL plugin are available free of charge from http://people.pnhs.purdue.edu/~mlill/software.