Abstract
The impacts of climate change on urban flood, urban heat island and lack of farmland according to rapid urbanization are expected to widespread and severely influencing to socioeconomic conditions. The green roof system within cities is now recognized as a means of alternative solution to urban flood, heat island phenomenon and producing food. In this study, the concave green roof and normal roof are compared on the #35 building in Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. The objective of this study is to validate effect of (1) urban flood mitigation, (2) reducing urban heat island and (3) producing food. For the effect of urban flood mitigation, the concave green roof system retains and stores the rainwater in soil and 10cm side wall. The concave green roof system of which area is 140m² showed effect of flood mitigation reducing peak flow quantity of 56%, peak time delay of 3 hours and storing rainwater of 10~40 ton. For the effect of urban heat island mitigation, the temperature difference of 27 °C was monitored comparing to the normal roof. For urban agriculture, this green roof (420 m²) is managed over 30 households near campus. In this roof garden, various types of crops (e.g., vegetable, root crops, and fruits) are achievable. Also, this can make contribution to local citizen food security and social community development. Many creative and innovative activities were made possible at the green roof by the community such as musical concert, community lunch, green product donation movement, etc.By applying green roof system on the buildings, without destroying existing urban infrastructure, there will be environmental & economic benefits and place for urban farming can be secured where people can improve not only their food self-sufficiency but also social community activities. Thus, Based on this successful project, Seoul Metropolitan Government is planning to make a guideline for green roof promotion.
Highlights
Green roof is gaining much interest for its social benefits such as creating aesthetic and green environment as well as its climate change adaptation capability such as flood mitigation, heat island reduction and reducing building energy consumption by cooling energy consumption during summer (Vijayaraghavan et al, 2012: Virginia, S et al, 2010: Castleton et al, 2010)
At an extreme rainfall event on July 12, 2013, where total precipitation amount was recorded as 239 mm with warning of heavy rain, the concave green roof showed a big potential for flood mitigation
Concave green roof system was suggested as a sustainable solution to urban flood, urban heat island phenomenon
Summary
Green roof is gaining much interest for its social benefits such as creating aesthetic and green environment as well as its climate change adaptation capability such as flood mitigation, heat island reduction and reducing building energy consumption by cooling energy consumption during summer (Vijayaraghavan et al, 2012: Virginia, S et al, 2010: Castleton et al, 2010). Many modern cities in the world are promoting green roofs as their climate change adaptation measure (Kumar and Kaushik, 2005). Green roof can cause other problems such as increased demand for water, labor and cost (Berghage et al, 2007). A full-scale (840 m2) concave green roof is introduced at Building No.[35] in Seoul National University (SNU), which consists of flower garden and vegetable garden. The effects of flood mitigation, water conservation, as well as heat island reduction are monitored and analyzed systematically
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