Abstract
Colored waterborne polyurethanes have been widely used in paintings, leathers, textiles, and coatings. Here, a series of black waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) with different ratios of black dye, Sudan Black B (SDB), were prepared by step-growth polymerization. WPU emulsions as obtained exhibit low particle sizes and remarkable storage stability at the same time. At different dye loadings, essential structural, statistical and thermal properties are characterized. FTIR (fourier transform infrared) spectra indicate that SDB is covalently linked into waterborne polyurethane chains. All of the WPUs with covalently linked SDB show better color fastness and resistance of thermal migration than those with SDB mixed physically. Besides, WPUs incorporated SDB covalently with different polymeric diols, polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMG), polypropylene glycol (PPG), poly-1, 4-butylene adipate glycol (PBA) and polycaprolactone glycol (PCL), were prepared to obtain different properties to cater to a variety of practical demands. By a spraying method, the black WPUs can be directly used as metal coatings without complex dyeing process by simply mixing coating additive and other waterborne resins, which exhibit excellent coating performance.
Highlights
Colored polymeric dyes, especially back dyes, have been widely used in textiles, ink, coatings, leathers and photoelectric materials [1,2,3,4,5,6]
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were recorded on a Bruker Tensor27 FTIR spectrometer (Bruker Co., Ltd., Karlsruhe, Germany) in the range of 4000–500 cm−1 using the thin waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) films prepared by coating Sudan Black B (SDB)-WPU emulsions on a potassium bromide (KBr) flake and evaporating water by heating under an infrared lamp
Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra of SDB and WPU dispersion were measured by UV-3600 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) in dimethylformamide (DMF) and water at
Summary
Colored polymeric dyes, especially back dyes, have been widely used in textiles, ink, coatings, leathers and photoelectric materials [1,2,3,4,5,6]. The strategy on developing polymeric dyes is usually to physically mix micromolecular dyes with polymeric matrices by ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds or Van der Waals force. There is a thorny problem that, with time elapsing, the dyes may migrate and aggregate, leading to color fading of materials due to the noncovalent bond interaction between matrices and dyes. Polymeric dyes are safe and nontoxic for humans because they cannot be absorbed by skin owing to their large molecular dimension, excellent chemical and thermal stability. Polymeric dyes with tunable molecular structures exhibit great compatibility and strong binding force with fibers.
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