Abstract
Energy and water budget of photo-insensitive millet crop grown in a dry sub-humid climate of northern Nigeria were assessed and related to crop performance. The pattern of crop water requirement during crop growth was well matched to the pattern of crop water availability. The period of maximum water requirement by the crop occurred when the leaf area index was greater than 1.8 and coincided with the period when the amount and frequency of rainfall was greatest. The total water used by the crop during 85 days from sowing to harvest was 330 mm, equivalent to water-use efficiency of 148 and 863 g water per gramme dry matter for total dry weight and grain dry weight, respectively. The crop yielded 22,519 kg ha −1 of total dry matter and 3,828 kg ha −1 of grain. The seasonal efficiency of energy conversion was 2.47% of the total incident radiation and 3.97% of the total net radiation. Evapotranspiration accounted for 88% of the net radiation, soil heat flux 5.5% and air heat flux 3%.
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