Abstract
The paper presents the materials of field research on the study of the regularities of the development of moisture outlines on light soils during drip irrigation of vegetable crops. The correlation is found between the depth of the moistened layer and the area of the moistening outlines on the pre-irrigation threshold of the moisture content of the active soil layer, irrigation standards and the flow rate of drippers, which gives an opportunity to decline the unproductive water consumption for filtration. It is found that in light loamy and sandy loam light chestnut soils, for guaranteed rule of the moisture regime, on onion crops, it is essential to maintain the pre-irrigation threshold of 80% HB with the irrigation rate of 200 m3 / ha with the flow rate of drip water outlets of 2.8 l / h, and the depth of irrigation of 120 m3/ha with the flow rate of discharge outlets of 1.7 l/h, correspondingly. In irrigation of tomatoes grown on light-loamy light-chestnut soils, it is appropriate to apply the irrigation rate of 180 m3 / ha, which provides the level of pre-irrigation humidity in the layer of 0.6 m not lower than 80% HB, the formation of the required characteristics of the moisture contour (depth of 0.62 m and diameter of 0.37 m), as well as an enhance in the efficiency of irrigation water use by 11.1%. The results can be applied in the design of drip irrigation systems for vegetable crops.
Highlights
IntroductionUpgrading the land reclamation complex in the arid regions of the south of the country is a difficult task and is closely associated with the issues of rational land use and improving the environmental situation [1]
Upgrading the land reclamation complex in the arid regions of the south of the country is a difficult task and is closely associated with the issues of rational land use and improving the environmental situation [1]. This is important for the irrigated zone of the Republic of Dagestan, the largest region of irrigated agriculture in Russia, where in recent decades there has been a decline in the condition of irrigated land due to secondary salinization, ascent of the ground water level and other issues related to the fact that the majority of the republic's water supply systems were built in the last century [2] and have an efficiency of 0.52
The studies on the rules of the formation of moisture contours have been carried out mainly on soils of medium and heavy granulometric composition [6,7,8,9,10,11], and there is very little data on the development of moisture contours for light soils [12]. This is important in the view of the agricultural development of unproductive light-loamy and sandy lands, the area of which in Dagestan alone is more than 400 thousand hectares, which defined the direction of our investigations
Summary
Upgrading the land reclamation complex in the arid regions of the south of the country is a difficult task and is closely associated with the issues of rational land use and improving the environmental situation [1] This is important for the irrigated zone of the Republic of Dagestan, the largest region of irrigated agriculture in Russia, where in recent decades there has been a decline in the condition of irrigated land due to secondary salinization, ascent of the ground water level and other issues related to the fact that the majority of the republic's water supply systems were built in the last century [2] and have an efficiency of 0.52. This is important in the view of the agricultural development of unproductive light-loamy and sandy lands, the area of which in Dagestan alone is more than 400 thousand hectares, which defined the direction of our investigations
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