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Abstract
Beta vulgaris genus comprises wild and cultivated subspecies. The “maritima” subspecies is formed by wild or weedy accessions, well adapted to low-water potential environments; it was previously shown that B. vulgaris ssp. maritima has mechanisms of osmotic adjustment more effective than the cultivated B. vulgaris ssp. vulgaris. The response to a progressive lowering of soil potential was compared in two Beta accessions, a cultivated and a wild one. Throughout the 4-months experiment under rain shelters, osmotic potential and relative water content were measured and total RNA was extracted to test the expression of six target genes known in sugar beet or in other plants to be modulated by water shortage. The mild occurrence of drought was paralleled by slow increase in transcription for sucrose synthase 1 and choline monoxygenase, in a way that was in some cases accession-dependent, e.g. the gene for choline monoxygenase was found to be up-regulated at the later stages of growth in stressed plants compared to control ones, and showed a higher constitutive transcription in sea beet compared to sugar beet. Transcription factor DREB2Aalso was slowly induced during the growth season and upon onset of water shortage, and this induction was stronger in sea beet than in sugar beet. In control plants, the transcription of all genes tested except DREB2Awere significantly higher in maritima accession compared to vulgaris one.
Highlights
Beta is an economically important genus, and it includes, besides the cultivated forms of beets (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris), wild or weedy forms like the subspecies B. vulgaris ssp. maritima, source of agronomically important traits such as cercospora and rhizomania resistance [1]
The mild occurrence of drought was paralleled by slow increase in transcription for sucrose synthase 1 and choline monoxygenase, in a way that was in some cases accession-dependent, e.g. the gene for choline monoxygenase was found to be up-regulated at the later stages of growth in stressed plants compared to control ones, and showed a higher constitutive transcription in sea beet compared to sugar beet
Transcription factor DREB2A was slowly induced during the growth season and upon onset of water shortage, and this induction was stronger in sea beet than in sugar beet
Summary
Beta is an economically important genus, and it includes, besides the cultivated forms of beets (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris), wild or weedy forms like the subspecies B. vulgaris ssp. maritima, source of agronomically important traits such as cercospora and rhizomania resistance [1]. Beta is an economically important genus, and it includes, besides the cultivated forms of beets Water resources are declining in dry areas, and in temperate ones; as water for agronomic use becomes limiting, the development of drought tolerant cultivars gains in importance in sugar beet genetic improvement [3,4]. Maritima germplasm includes accessions able to develop mechanisms of escape from water shortage (e.g. osmotic adjustment) more effectively than the cultivated ssp. The comparison of the response to limited water supply of these accessions with cultivated forms can give useful informations for the future exploitation of wild or weedy germplasm in sugar beet breeding [8]
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