Water spray as a potential thinning agent for date palm flowers (Phoenix dactylifera L.) c.v. ‘Lulu’

Abstract

Flower or fruit thinning is a critical cultural practice in the date palm production chain that affects fruit development, quality and yield and regulates tree yearly bearing. Development of a save and economic thinning agent for date palm is critically required especially under harsh conditions. During 2004 and 2005 seasons, water spray for 3 min was applied at different times following mechanical pollination on ‘Lulu’ date palm cultivar growing under Al-Ain oasis conditions. The results showed that water spray following pollination generally decreased fruit set percentage to different extent depending of the time of application. In this respect, the most effective treatment was water spray after 4 h following pollination. This treatment significantly decreased fruit set percentage (48%) compared to the control (79%), as the mean of both seasons. However, the other treatments including water spray 1 h before pollination also decreased fruit set percentage but to a lesser extent. Fruit quality characteristics especially fruit and flesh weight, length and diameter were significantly increased by water spray treatments during the 2004 season, in contrast to the 2005 season. Thinning with water significantly decreased both bunch weight and total yield per tree at the Tamr stage especially when applied after 4 h following pollination. To the best of our knowledge, this is a pioneer study investigating the role of water as a potential thinning agent for date palm flowers. The use of water spray as a save and economic thinner needs, however, more research work to justify the time following pollination and duration of application which may vary upon cultivar, method of pollination and district.