Abstract
Implantable biomedical devices are rapidly advancing for applications in in vivo monitoring and intervention for human health. A frontier for this area is in electronic implants that function in the body for some period of time matched to an intrinsic body process and then disappear naturally, thereby avoiding the need for surgical extraction. Continuous and stable power supply to these systems is of utmost importance for their practical implementation and function. Energy harvesters that are water soluble to biocompatible end products have great potential in this context. This article presents a comprehensive review of recent progress with a focus on materials selection, device integration, and function extension. We also discuss the challenges and possible future research opportunities associated with these technologies, with a focus on implantable biomedical devices.
Highlights
In the past few decades, implantable biomedical devices have experienced increasing demand for human health monitoring and therapy,1–5 in industrialized countries
The maximum values of the suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand are 143 mg/l and 70 mg/l, respectively. These results indicate that this type of soluble energy harvester is eco-friendly, with potential for further improvements by size miniaturization and materials replacement
From the materials’ point of view, bioresorbable metals, semiconductors, and polymers have been successfully deployed as functional materials to construct biocompatible energy harvesters that effectively scavenge RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) or biomechanical energy
Summary
In the past few decades, implantable biomedical devices have experienced increasing demand for human health monitoring and therapy,1–5 in industrialized countries. Despite the capability of harvesting RF energy for powering implantable biomedical devices, there are some issues that must be addressed through continued research and development.
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