Abstract
Copolymers of N-vinylformamide (NVF) with sodium 3-acrylamido-3-methylbutanoate (NaAMBA), sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate (NaAMPS), and sodium acrylate (NaA) were prepared by free-radical polymerization in aqueous solution using 2,2'-azobis(N,N'-dimethyleneisobutyramidine) dihydrochloride as the water-soluble azo initiator. Copolymer compositions were determined utilizing 13 C NMR by integration of the carbonyl resonances. Reactivity ratios were determined for NVF (M 1 )/NaAMBA (M 2 ) (the BAVF series) and NVF (M 1 )/NaAMPS (M 2 ) (the PSVF series). Both series, with r 1 and r 2 <1 and r 1 r 2 < 0.075, are representative of copolymers that display alternating tendencies. Microstructural data calculated statistically by the methods of Igarashi support these findings. Weight-average molecular weights range from 0.9 x 10 6 to 7.5 x 10 6 and were determined by low-angle laser light scattering in 1 M NaCl solution. The findings are compared to previous results obtained for the copolymerization of acrylamide with the various anionic comonomers.
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