Water Soldier Stratiotes aloides L.-Forgotten Famine Plant With Unique Composition and Antioxidant Properties.

Urszula Gawlik-Dziki,Danuta Sugier,Piotr Sugier,Łukasz Pecio,Dariusz Dziki

doi:10.3390/molecules25215065

Abstract

Stratiotes aloides L. is common water plant in central Poland. Due to its expansive character, S. aloides L. can strongly affect the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. S. aloides L. was an important famine plant in central Poland. This plant was commonly collected and cooked until the turn of the 20th century. It has also been used to heal wounds, especially when these are made by an iron implement. The objective of the present work was to study the phenolic profile in the leaves and roots of S. aloides as well as their antioxidant potential and ability to inhibit lipoxygenase (LOX) in the light of their potential bioaccessibility. The dominant compound in its leaves was luteolin-7-O-hexoside-glucuronide (5.84 mg/g DW), whereas the dominant root component was chrysoeriol-7-O-hexoside-glucuronide (0.83 mg/g DW). Infusions from leaves, roots, and their 1:1 (v/v) mixture contained potentially bioaccessible antiradical compounds. S. aloides is a good source of water-extractable reductive compounds. Especially valuable are the leaves of this plant. The roots of S. aloides contained very active hydrophilic compounds able to chelate metal ions. However, their potential bioaccessibility was relatively low. The hydrophilic compounds from the leaves were the most effective XO inhibitors (EC50 = 9.91 mg DW/mL). The water-extractable compounds derived from the leaves and roots acted as uncompetitive LOX inhibitors.

Highlights

Plants serve as an important source of natural products or chemical substances called phytochemicals
Luteolin-7-O-hexoside-glucuronide was the dominant compound in the leaves, whereas chrysoeriol-7-O-hexoside-glucuronide was the dominant root component (Table 1)
The bioaccessibility index (BAC) value clearly indicated that the compounds present in the infusions were poorly bioaccessible in vitro

Summary

Introduction

Plants serve as an important source of natural products or chemical substances called phytochemicals. They are biologically active and play important roles in preventive and therapeutic medicines, protect plant cells from environmental hazards and pathogenic attacks, and contribute to their aroma and flavor. They can be accumulated in different parts of plants, and their concentration varies across different tissues and species [1]. The multidirectional beneficial impact of phytochemicals on the human body is important, investigations of a wide range of different plants as potential sources of antioxidants have become increasingly popular. It is essential to preserve the biological balance in ecosystems; the use of invasive plants for this purpose seems interesting

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