Water, Sanitation Dan Hygiene Analysis, and Individual Factors for Stunting among Children Under Two Years in Ambon

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Nutrition problem is a problem that is still a threat in various countries around the world, one of which is stunting that occurs since the baby is in the womb and in the early period after the baby is born, but only appears after the child is 2 years old.
 AIM: This study aimed to analyze the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), and individual factors for the incidence of stunting in children aged 7–24 months in the slums of Ambon City.
 METHODS: The research was an analytical observational study using a case control study design. The population in this study was all children aged 7–24 months who suffered from stunting in Ambon. The samples were 150 child with a ratio of 1:1 for the case and control groups.
 RESULTS: The results showed that WASH (OR=2.7, CI 95%: 1.379–5.566) dan status Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (OR=5.1; CI 95%: 2.279–11.445) was a stunting risk factor. Meanwhile, diarrhea status (OR=2.4; CI 95%: 0.793–7.302), immunization (OR=1.4; CI 95%:0.622–3.260), and smoking history of household members (OR=1.1; CI 95%: 0.540–2.086) are risk factors, but statistically not significant. Maternal education (OR=1.0) is not a risk factor for stunting in children aged 7–24 months.
 CONCLUSION: The conclusion of this study is that the WASH condition and low birth weight status are risk factors for stunting in children aged 7–24 months in Ambon.