Abstract
Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology Vol. 40, No. 2, 383 - 391, April 2021 p-ISSN: 0254-7821, e-ISSN: 2413-7219 DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2102.12 This is an open access article published by Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro under CC BY 4.0 International License. 383 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Resources Available at Higher Education Institutes of Sindh and Students’ Satisfaction Ubed Ur Rehman1a, Jamil Ahmed1b, Rasool Bux Maher1c, Aneela Yasmeen2RECEIVED ON 13.02.2019, ACCEPTED ON 03.05.2019 ABSTRACT The present study was focused on the available Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) facilities and students’ satisfaction in three public and two private Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) of Hyderabad and Jamshoro city. This cross-sectional study recorded WASH facilities in 21 departments of 5-HEIs and satisfaction appraisal of 630 students in total. The survey was also supplemented with quality analysis of Point of Use (PoU) drinking water. The results revealed that the overall 85.7 and 47.6% contamination of the drinking water samples were recorded due to total and thermo-tolerant coliforms, respectively. Further, physiochemical parameters were found in the permissible limits as provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) and arsenic was not detected in any of the water samples. In total 25% of the toilet facilities were found non-functional. All monitored HEIs were found having sufficient quantity of water however, 95% hand-washing stations did not supply soap/ detergent for hand-washing. Moreover, this study divulges that there is a significant relationship between WASH facilities like water quality (χ2= 7.55*; p=0.023), toilets functioning (χ2= 45.39**; p=0.002), and washing facilities (χ2= 37.29**; p=0.000) in HEIs and student’s satisfaction in HEIs. Thus, it can be concluded that the poor WASH facilities in HEIs could affect the students’ satisfaction leading to affect their performance in the studies, negatively.
Highlights
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nation (UN) include a target SDG 6.2 to ensure the access to water and sanitation for all by 2030 [1]
Irrespective of the sources of drinking water all Point of Use (PoU) drinking water samples from Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) were contaminated with total coliforms (85.7%) and Total Coliforms (TT) Coliforms (47.6%)
Based on the recorded data the highest TT coliforms (80%) were found in LUMHS followed by IU (60%), UoS (40%) and Mehran University of Engineering and Technology (MUET) (20%)
Summary
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nation (UN) include a target SDG 6.2 to ensure the access to water and sanitation for all by 2030 [1]. Besides the fact that international level, is an important activity It will help improved WASH facilities effects health and form equal quality policy and venture plans; by educational outcomes and gender disparities, the HEIs reporting these assessments, it will be easier to are places where students study, receive training, measure and compare the progress amongst the establish networks and interact with many people. It is nations [13]. A platform from where the best practices can be taught, and healthy WASH behaviors can be developed and experienced throughout their lives and even multiply
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