Abstract
Abstract. Water resources assessment in China, can be classified into three groups: (i) comprehensive water resources assessment, (ii) annual water resources assessment, and (iii) industrial project water resources assessment. Comprehensive water resources assessment is the conventional assessment where the frequency distribution of water resources in basins or provincial regions are analyzed. For the annual water resources assessment, water resources of the last year in basins or provincial regions are usually assessed. For the industrial project water resources assessment, the water resources situation before the construction of industrial project has to be assessed. To address the climate and environmental changes, hydrological and statistical models are widely applied for studies on assessing water resources changes. For the water resources prediction in China usually the monthly runoff prediction is used. In most low flow seasons, the flow recession curve is commonly used as prediction method. In the humid regions, the rainfall-runoff ensemble prediction (ESP) has been widely applied for the monthly runoff prediction. The conditional probability method for the monthly runoff prediction was also applied to assess next month runoff probability under a fixed initial condition.
Highlights
Water is the most vital natural resource on the earth that cannot be substituted
In operational water resources management, long-term runoff predictions are frequently made since it is important in supporting dam operation, river flow dispatch, cross-basin water diversion, especially during a drought
As water resources become more important and water resources management is enforced, long-term runoff predictions are playing a more important role. For this kind of prediction, the probability model was widely used, and methods based on flow recession model have been developed for low flow conditions, while the ensemble prediction (ESP) has been put into use in recent years
Summary
Water is the most vital natural resource on the earth that cannot be substituted. It is necessary for human lives and for maintaining the environment on which all creatures rely. The volume of water resources in China, either per capita or per hectare farmland, is less than the world average, and it is unevenly distributed in time and space. Water resources assessment and prediction tries to assess normal and probability distributions of available water resources, and to predict the volume of available water in future. It does concern industry, agriculture and the aquatic environment, but it deals with people’s daily life. Water resources assessment and prediction are highly important to society
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