Abstract
The research's main objective is to study water quality management techniques using different scenarios by applying three mathematical models. The study focuses on the Rosetta Branch-River Nile, which is considered the supreme contaminated Branch of river Nile. The study is composed of three main parts. First: Water quality modeling using WASP 6 was adopted to simulate the water quality status. This model was calibrated and used to simulate different scenarios presenting an alternative solution for the water quality problem in Rosetta Branch. They also optimized water quality indicators using the genetic algorithm to determine the optimum techniques essential to eliminating the Rosetta branch's water quality problem. Second: Mathematical Modeling Using the SOBEK model, measure the environmental effect of wastewater discharges on the water quality of the Rosetta branch, taking into account seasonal variations. Third: statistical analyses to research the association between discharge and concentration of ammonia using simple regression equations. The study is focused on theoretical and applied scientific Methodology. It concluded that increased discharge in the Branch does not significantly affect water quality in the Branch. However, the treatment processes appear to have a large and significant impact on the water quality instead of increasing discharge solution. There is an inverse relationship between the discharge in Rosetta Branch and ammonia concentrations. All relationships have a correlation coefficient of, on average of about 0.7. The paramount water quality challenging in the Branch is cumulative of ammonia and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) overhead guidelines. Moreover, improving water quality for point source effluents, particularly at El Rahawy drain, improves the Rosetta branch's water quality.
Highlights
Water quality in the Nile deteriorates along its trip from south to north
Various simulation scenarios provided an alternative approach to the water quality issue in the Rosetta Branch. [4] analyzed the impact of increasing discharge on water quality and proposed an appropriate method for treating wastewater discharge from five drains to suggest various scenarios and monitor contamination along the Rosetta branch. [5] showed that the Nile water quality deteriorated and extended from poor to marginal while the drinking water index varied from marginal to good. [6] studied the effect of predicted global warming in terms of expected temperature rise on DO status for the Rosetta branch in Egypt's Nile Delta
[7] Showed the Negative impact of fish cages on the environment and hydraulic efficiency were the main reason for monitoring fish farms in the River Nile. [8] managed water quality at the Rosetta branch by improving effluent water quality at the Abu-Rawash WWTP. [9] studied different scenarios and simulated using QUAL2K water quality model
Summary
Water quality in the Nile deteriorates along its trip from south to north. Lake Nasser has good water quality with only small organic substances, making its water a reference point for water quality along the river and its branches [1]. According to the National Water Resources Plan for Egypt, the River Nile from Aswan to Delta Barrage receives drainage from 124 point sources, 67 are domestic, and the others are industrial sources. [13] Using QUAL2K Model and river pollution index for water quality management in Mahmoudia Canal. [17] identified the primary pollution source's environmental and health consequences It concluded that the available data revealed that the river receives a large quantity of industrial, agriculture, and domestic wastewater. [18] studied the El Rahawy Drain's impact on the water quality of Rosetta Branch and solved the equations of conservation of mass, momentum, and constituent concentration by using the Duflow model It is worth mentioning that the river can still recover in virtually all the locations, with tiny exceptions. [18] studied the El Rahawy Drain's impact on the water quality of Rosetta Branch and solved the equations of conservation of mass, momentum, and constituent concentration by using the Duflow model
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