Abstract
Karacomak Dam is main source of drinking water in Kastamonu city (Turkey) for this reason, In this study used Water quality index which provides a single value to express overall quality based on 13 variables that were determined during the period between September 2015 until July 2016. Sampling points chosen as described by first station at intake point of the drinking water supply for Kastamonu city, second station was opposite intake point of the drinking water supply about (449) m along at main dam. The parameters namely Electrical Conductivity (EC), pH, Temperature (T), Dissolved oxygen (DO), Turbidity (TUR), Total hardness (Ha), Total alkalinity, Ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), Nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), Nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), Phosphate (PO4-P), Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical oxygen demand (COD) were analyzed according to Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. The resulted WQI shows that (35.5 and 32.4) for sites (S1 and S2) respectively. On the other hand, there was significant temporal variations in water quality index among poor quality to excellent quality whereas that January 2016 showed high level of deterioration at (S1, S2), this may be due to starting the winter 2016 where high contribution from runoff at downstream areas which increase of deterioration body water in the Dam. The results clearly show that Water Quality index (WQI) was useful tool to obtain the right decision and evaluating water quality. In future, evaluation of water quality in Karacomak dam should be given main priority of using the microbiological parameters with physico-chemical parameters in WQI calculations and to water quality monitoring.
Highlights
Ecosystem forms are a prime natural resource and valuable national resource and water
The statistical analysis of the surface water of Karaçomak Dam was done to determine the chemical parameters that are deviating from World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standard and Water Pollution Control Statement of Regulation Turkish (WPCSR) shown Tables 1 and 3
The physicochemical variables of water quality were analyzed using standard methods given in APHA (American Public Health Association) that were within the limits of the standard used. with exception of had exceeded the acceptable limits of the standard in some months during the study period
Summary
Ecosystem forms are a prime natural resource and valuable national resource and water. Water quality is defined as all an information of biological, chemical, and physical elements of water and their interaction to decide the suitable usage for water [5]. Traditional method of water quality assessment can be described as the analysis of the biological, chemical, and physical properties of water in guide to natural quality, human health impacts, and wanted uses [9,10]. Water Quality Index (WQI) is a statistical functional tool for simplifying, detailed and describing complex information collected from any body of water which reflects the integrated influence on the overall quality variables this value is understandable and use by the decision makers, planer and the general public [15,16]. Some residents in neighborhoods the dam resort to the untreated water from the dam as their source of drinking water when they go to their farms
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