Abstract
Stormwater runoff introduces several pollutants to the receiving water bodies that may cause degradation of the water quality. Stormwater management systems such as detention facilities and wetland can improve the water quality by removing various pollutants associated with the runoff. The objective of this research project is to determine the performance and efficiency of two major regional detention facilities (RDFs) with different designs and structures in reducing pollutants based on various storm events in McAllen, Texas. The two sites are the McAuliffe RDF and the Morris RDF; each site was incorporated with a constructed wetland with a different design and structure to enhance the pollutant removal process. The McAuliffe RDF reduced the concentration and load of many stormwater constituents in comparison to the Morris RDF. The observed concentrations and pollutant loads of suspended solids were much lower in the runoff of the inlet compared to the outlet for both sites. The McAuliffe RDF showed better concentration and load reduction for nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, of different species. However, both sites did not show a significant improvement of organic material. In addition, the indicator bacteria concentration represented a fluctuation between the inlet and outlet at each site.
Highlights
Urban stormwater runoff contains substantial loads of numerous chemical and physical constituents that may adversely affect the water quality of rivers, channels, and lakes
Results showed that the median removal efficiency of all studies of total phosphorus (TP) is 49%, and it was significantly correlated with the TP concentration, hydrologic loading rate, and wetland area [31]
The analyses used in evaluating the performance and efficiency of the two regional detention facilities (RDFs) in McAllen, Texas were able to give some insight into pollutant reduction in the constructed facilities
Summary
Urban stormwater runoff contains substantial loads of numerous chemical and physical constituents that may adversely affect the water quality of rivers, channels, and lakes. These constituent loads are caused by rainfall wash-off. The rapid urbanization in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) has increased the stormwater runoff and pollutant loading into the receiving water bodies through the region. An overload of nutrients and oxygen-demanding materials was transported across the river stream water; both components of this overload were associated with agricultural and stormwater runoff. Several studies have shown the water-quality benefits of GI through the effective reduction of nutrients, biodegradable organic material, and bacteria from urban stormwater runoff [6,7]
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