Water Quality Factors Affecting Fish Growth and Production

Abstract

AbstractThe health and subsequent growth of fish is directly related to the quality of water in which the fish are raised. Fish growth is affected by a wide range of biological, chemical/biochemical, and physical factors. The species of fish or fishes being reared, the size and maturity of the fish, and the presence of other oxygen consuming organisms in the culture water are key biological factors that affect fish production. Key physical factors of importance include water temperature, water velocity, electrical conductivity, and the concentration of solids in the water column. Likewise, the water pH, alkalinity, hardness, and concentrations of ions (dissolved metals and nutrients) are chemical constituents that can impact fish production. While it is common to consider the impacts of each factor on an individual basis, it is important to recognize that the net effect of these factors on fish growth and production are interrelated. Consequently, it is necessary to approach each case as an integrated, dynamic system, as opposed to the sum of individual parts.