Abstract
The Ciliwung River is one of the heavily polluted rivers in Indonesia. This is caused by the input of high population and industrial pollution loads along the river, from upstream in the recreation area and Puncak in Bogor Regency to through Bogor City, Depok City and downstream in the Jakarta metropolitan city. This condition is worsened by the decreasing vegetated land in the Ciliwung watershed, especially in the river border which is polluted by the increasing population and the development of various industries, which generally do not have sewage treatment units, so that the Ciliwung river is declared heavily polluted. Bogor Botanical Gardens (BBG) is one of the green open spaces that acts as a buffer for the Ciliwung River in the BBG section. This study aims to analyze changes in the water quality of the Ciliwung river along the BBG. The research was conducted by analyzing air quality based on physicochemical factors (temperature, turbidity, total solids, pH, DO, BOD, COD) and benthic community structure at BBG inlet, middle BBG, and BBG outlet. The physico-chemical parameters of the Ciliwung river in the BBG segment still meet the requirements of class II water quality standards except for COD. The macrozoobenthos community structure is dominated by the orders Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera. Air quality analysis using the Water Quality Index, Pollution Index, Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index and the Hilsenhoff Biotic Index showed an increase in air quality from BBG inlet, middle BBG to BBG outlet.
Highlights
The Ciliwung River is a cross-provincial river that flows from its upstream area in the Puncak area of Bogor Regency (West Java Province) to its mouth in Jakarta Bay (DKI Jakarta province)
The biotic index value in this study shows an improvement in the quality of Ciliwung River water after passing Bogor Botanical Gardens (BBG)
The results of the analysis of the water quality status of the Ciliwung River in the Bogor Botanical Gardens segment show that the water quality generally meets class II water quality standards, except for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
Summary
The Ciliwung River is a cross-provincial river that flows from its upstream area in the Puncak area of Bogor Regency (West Java Province) to its mouth in Jakarta Bay (DKI Jakarta province). Due to population pressure and increasing economic activity, the quality of this river water has been heavily polluted (Ministry of Environment KLH, 2010) from its upstream. The river ecosystem basically has the power to naturally recover (self purification) to assimilate all the pollutants that enter the river. This purification ability is highly dependent on the intensity of pollutants from the surrounding environment. If the input of pollutants from the surrounding environment continues, the purification power of this river will not be able to keep up with the rate of pollution load. The result is that the river has the ability to purify, the water quality of the river will continue to deteriorate
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