Water Potential Management and Arrangement of River Estuary Area for the Mitigation of the Climate Change in Bali

Abstract

The impact of climate change in the form of rising temperatures, rising water levels, water pollution and extreme climate events are vulnerable to the potential of water resources in various sectors of life. The aim of this research is to build a method for managing water potential in river estuaries and arrangement the river estuary area for mitigation of the effects of climate change on water resources in the estuary area, especially in Bali. The method of this research is qualitative research on phenomenology that is happening. Data is collected in the form of primary data and secondary data. Primary data consists of environmental conditions in river estuaries related to climate change that occur, while secondary data in the form of water potential, water quality and land changes are obtained from various related instances. The results of the research found that watersheds on Bali Island are potential watersheds that can be used as raw water sources for both clean water and irrigation water. However, changes in land functions and climate change can cause some negative impacts on the potential and environmental conditions of estuary water resources such as floods, droughts, landslides, pollution of water by pollutants and sedimentation. Mitigation actions that must be taken to reduce the risk for the condition of water resources in river estuaries in Bali due to climate change are managing water potential by managing water systems, conducting water-saving campaigns, integrated management of water availability and needs, environment-based management, strengthening institutions in management of water resources, and the need to regulate cropping patterns right in the river estuary. While in terms of arrangement river estuary area there are several mitigation actions that can be carried out such as the construction of dikes around the estuary area, the construction of reservoirs, the construction of monitoring posts for river estuary conditions and the preservation of deforested areas around river estuary.