Water‐pipe Smoke Negatively Distress Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Mice

Abstract

Tobacco use is one of the main risk factors to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and atherosclerosis in particular. It was mis‐considered that water‐pipe smoking (WPS) is less harmful than cigarette smoking due to its flavor. Studies had shown that more than 100 million people smoke waterpipe daily. WPS contains several toxic materials such as: nicotine, carcinogens, tar, carbon monoxide and heavy metals. Thus, WPS is considered to be as one of the toxic environmental factors that should be investigated intensively. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of WPS on several cardiovascular biological markers that may cause atherosclerosis in mice. The study also conducted to study the temporal effects of WPS on the atherosclerotic biomarkers upon short (2 weeks) and long‐term (8 weeks) exposures. Mice were exposed to WPS and heart homogenates were analyzed to elucidate the effects of WPS on matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) and, myeloperoxidase (MPO). Following protein estimation, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays were done to measure the levels of MMPs (isoforms 1, 3, and 9), MPO, and ET‐1 protein. Our data showed that acute exposure to WPS significantly enhances the levels of MMP‐3, MMP‐9, and MPO expressions (p<0.05) compared to their corresponding control. However, the body was capable to compromise the levels for such parameters following continuous exposure for 8 weeks (p>0.05). Additionally, we showed that the level of ET‐1 was significantly higher upon chronic exposure to WPS compared to both control and acute exposure groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, WPS has a significant negative effect on cardiac health and the enhancement of the atherosclerotic biomarkers (MMP‐3 and 9, MPO, and ET‐1) might represent an early scavenger of compensatory efforts to maintain cardiac function after WP exposure.Support or Funding InformationThis project was supported by a grant from the Deanship of Research at Jordan University of Science and Technology (grant number 2015/249 to AR).This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.