Abstract
Water quality indices (WQIs) are useful tools which provide overall information about water quality. WQIs have been used for the assessment of suitability of water for drinking, irrigation and industrial uses since mid 90s. Applications of WQIs have reduced the large data into a single value to express the information about water quality in a very simplified and logical form. It makes aware and increases understanding capability of users of water resources and policymakers about issues related to water quality. In the present study, total 35 WQIs studies have been reviewed, focused on its advantages and disadvantages, their applications on surface and groundwater quality. From the review it was observed that Weight Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI) is the mostly used WQI, which is applied in both surface and groundwater quality evaluation. The study also includes groundwater quality assessment of Anuppur district of Madhya Pradesh using WAWQI method. The assessment indicates that the overall quality of groundwater in Anuppur District is in good condition. Based on the review of existing WQIs, it was observed that numbers of WQIs are developed for specific area and purposes. However, there are no fixed parameters which can specify the application of WQI at ground level. Hence, there should be a specific water quality index for evaluation, which has worldwide acceptance.
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