Abstract
Northern Chile possesses a dry, transparent atmosphere which gives rise to strong temperature drops due to evaporative and radiative heat losses. Water evaporation rates of 5 mm per night as well as radiative losses of 150 W/m 2 make it possible to freeze salt water, placed in pans which are oriented towards the open sky. After controlled melting, the ice thus obtained yields approximately 9 litres of fresh water per square metre of pan surface per day at Calama in the Atacama desert. Both the process itself and the materials used are simple, and water costs are estimated at 0.50 franc (0.10 US$) per cubic metre. The fresh water produced is used in greenhouse crop cultivation in the desert area.
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