Water depths for different soybean cultivars in center pivot

Ricardo Gava,Sebastião F De Lima,Jefferson L Anselmo,Osvaldir F Dos Santos,Irineu E Kühn,Mayara F Cotrim

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n1p10-15

Abstract

ABSTRACT Reductions in soybean yields are mainly linked to the occurrence of dry spells, which are becoming more frequent due to climate change. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate soybean cultivars irrigated with different water depths under center pivot. The experiment was conducted during the 2014/15 growing season, under center-pivot irrigation in Chapadão do Sul, MS, Brazil. The design was a randomized block in split plot with four replicates, where plots consisted of 4 water depths (0, 50, 75 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration - ETc) and the subplots of 6 soybean cultivars (NA 5909 RR, DM 5958 IPRO, Anta 82 RR, M 7110 IPRO, Desafio RR, M 7739 IPRO). The cultivar Desafio RR was the one that best responded to irrigation, increasing yield to 6174 kg ha-1 against 3798 kg ha-1 under rainfed condition. The highest yield under rainfed condition was obtained by the cultivar NA 5909 RR, reaching 4806 kg ha-1. This shows that some cultivars can respond positively to irrigation, resulting in increased yield, depending on the genetic characteristics of each one.

Highlights

Given the importance of this crop in the national and international contexts, many cultivars are available in the market, and the choice on those that best adapt to a certain region takes into consideration its edaphoclimatic conditions, which are preponderant for a good yield
The choice on the best cultivar may not always result in high yields, as reported by Gava et al (2015), who observed that water deficit is a factor that must be taken into consideration in the management of this crop, because it can cause a drastic reduction in yield when it occurs during crop cycle or even in grain filling
This study aimed to evaluate soybean cultivars under different irrigation depths in the Cerrado region of Mato Grosso do Sul

Summary

Introduction

Soybean (Glycine max) has an important role in the global economy, standing out in the national scene as the crop with highest increase in the last three decades, occupying about 49% of the planted area, and its main cultivation regions are Mid-West and South (MAPA, 2016).Given the importance of this crop in the national and international contexts, many cultivars are available in the market, and the choice on those that best adapt to a certain region takes into consideration its edaphoclimatic conditions, which are preponderant for a good yield. Guimarães et al (2008) claimed that the yield of a crop is defined by the interaction between plant genotype, production environment and management.the choice on the best cultivar may not always result in high yields, as reported by Gava et al (2015), who observed that water deficit is a factor that must be taken into consideration in the management of this crop, because it can cause a drastic reduction in yield when it occurs during crop cycle or even in grain filling.Soybean, despite being traditionally cultivated under rainfed conditions, i.e., exclusively based on rainfalls, may be subjected to dry spells during its development, resulting from rainfall irregularity (Flumignan et al, 2015).water supplementation for the soybean crop presents itself as a possible alternative to increase yields when the rainfall does not meet the water demand necessary for its development. Soybean (Glycine max) has an important role in the global economy, standing out in the national scene as the crop with highest increase in the last three decades, occupying about 49% of the planted area, and its main cultivation regions are Mid-West and South (MAPA, 2016). Given the importance of this crop in the national and international contexts, many cultivars are available in the market, and the choice on those that best adapt to a certain region takes into consideration its edaphoclimatic conditions, which are preponderant for a good yield. The choice on the best cultivar may not always result in high yields, as reported by Gava et al (2015), who observed that water deficit is a factor that must be taken into consideration in the management of this crop, because it can cause a drastic reduction in yield when it occurs during crop cycle or even in grain filling.

Objectives

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Results