Water Demand Investigation and Irrigation Requirement Analysis for Major Crops: A Case Study of Somodo Sub-watershed

Abstract

The social and economic transformations associated with growing urbanization, as well as the widespread implementation of irrigation to address climate change limits, have radically altered the pattern of water usage. The determination of water demands is the beginning point for water resource planning and management. As a result, this study was initiated with the objective of determining the various water demands in the Somodo watershed. The data employed in this investigation was secondary data. The data was population and livestock statistics gathered by the central statistical agency. Domestic water demand was calculated by multiplying the projected population number by the appropriate per capita demand, and from this, 10% of domestic water demand was adopted for industrial water demand. Water demand for livestock was estimated by multiplying the livestock population by the tropical livestock unit and the unit water requirement for each livestock. From the available water resources, 10% of the total available flow was left for the satisfaction of the environmental flow requirements. The total water demand for irrigation was estimated by multiplying the total area under irrigation with the irrigation water requirement for each cropping pattern. The total water demand for domestic and industrial water was 0.242 million cubic meters per year, according to the results. The demand for livestock water was 0.015 million cubic meters of water. The yearly environmental flow requirement was 5.6 million cubic meters (MCM), or 10% of total annual water flow. Irrigation requires a total of 0.107 million cubic meters of water.