Abstract
Adequate quantity and quality of water demand is the most important for one town, as well as each individual to develop their economy in different aspects. The main objective of this study is to assess and provide sufficient and safe water demand of Addis Kidam town, Ethiopia. Existing water demand and sources of water supply is not sufficient for all types of demand at current time in study town, it requires more than half of addition water demand. The finding of this study exposed that, existing water supply has more problems, these are the rapid growth rate of population, lack of funding and loss of water leakages. The projected population of town for first and second phase is 37181 and 45640 respectively by using geometric increasing method. Estimated demand of the town is based on types of mode of service and economic status of study area is 13796.84m 3 /d and 20423.36m 3 /d of maximum daily demand and 20971.2m 3 /d and 31043.51m 3 /d of peak hourly demand of the town for first and second phase respectively. The existing water source is covers only 33.5% and 22.63% of total current and future maximum daily demands of town communities of first and second phase. At current time needed additional water sources, which is 106.18 l/s and 183 l/s of maximum daily demand and peak hourly demand respectively to meet current water demand of town communities for first and second phase of design period. Capacity of services reservoir for first and second phase is 3000m 3 and 5350m 3 respectively throughout design period. Totally existing water sources and demand is not adequate quantity and quality for town population current and future time. Keywords : Population forecasting: Demand assessment: Water source: Capacity of raising main: Capacity of collection chamber: Capacity service reservoir. DOI: 10.7176/JEES/11-9-02 Publication date: September 30 th 2021
Highlights
Adequate quantities and quality of water supply is the most significant through the world for living, developing one town or city and for any actives which required water (Emeike et al, 2017)
Public demand: - is types of water demand, which use different public area of study town, like school, hospitals, health centres, churches, mosques, meeting hall, bus station, public offices, and public baths. These types of customers are non-profit institutions, which are basic for all community, due to this reason amounts of water required for public demand is assumed to be amount 15% of total daily domestic water demands of study town
Maximum daily demand is used to design different water supply components, such as to determine quantities of water sources, determine capacity of collection chamber and booster station, raising main pipes starting from sources of water up to service reservoir, capacity of all treatment plants if sources water is surface, capacity of pump and intake structure and capacity of service reservoir of study town (Romano et al, 2016)
Summary
Adequate quantities and quality of water supply is the most significant through the world for living, developing one town or city and for any actives which required water (Emeike et al, 2017). Www.iiste.org intermittent system due to lack of adequate quantity of water demand in town, especially new expanded area is not totally gotten piped water supply, in North and South direction of town Due to this reason 85% of town communities fetch daily domestic water demand from unprotected and unsafe water sources far from their home every day to meet their daily demand for different purposes. Methods of Data Analysis After completion relevant data to analysis and interoperate by using excel, tables and figures and forecast future population and calculate maximum and peak hourly demands of town for future time and design the capacity of necessary components of water supply starting from sources of water supply up to capacity of service reservoir of study area. This design period is divided into two phases, first phase is 2022 up to 2032 and second phase is 2032 up to 2042 years
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