Water deficiency in Ukraine: safety, humanitarian and ecological problems

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problem of water shortage in Ukraine. Its impact on the solution of economic, social and humanitarian tasks of the state development has been identified. Attention is focused on water use and water conservation as one of the very important areas of development, including national security in the conditions of germinative principles formation of national economy. Based on the analysis of literature sources and existing experience, reasonable measures to improve water supply to consumers and prevent negative phenomena that began to progress due to changes in global climatic conditions and man-made factors are offered. It is established that in Ukraine, and in Ternopil region in particular, it is not the first time the problem of water shortage is faced. In addition, it has been found that more than 40 countries in the world now suffer from absolute water shortages, and one-fifth drink polluted water. Although most of our planet is occupied by water, which is in constant motion – the great cycle of matter on Earth and partially change with the change of the environment. The article emphasizes that our lives are affected not only by man-made factors, but also by the climate, which is one of the most important natural phenomena. The appearance of large cities, artificial reservoirs, large-scale reclamation works, laying canals, draining swamps and lakes, the transfer of rivers result in serious environmental consequences. It is the water resources in the regions that are the buffer zone providing a mild climate and reducing the negative impact. Also, the thesis that due to scientific, ecological and organizational-economic mechanisms it is possible to ensure effective use of this scarce product in society and stable functioning of the national economy of Ukraine, which can make it safe and competitive in the EU, is substantiated. The study has been carried out in a transformational, post-totalitarian society.