Abstract
This paper describes the chemical changes in culture water in closed culture systems with sand filter. Stabilization of inorganic nitrogen after sequential changes of ammonium-N and nitrite-N in a culture system with new filters takes from 40 to 60 days. The characteristic changes in chemical composition of aged culture water, namely an accumulation of nitrate and phosphate and lowering of pH and alkalinity, are discussed. The carrying capacity in a closed culture system is determined by using oxygen consumption during filtration as an index to indicate the degree of purification by filtration.
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