Abstract
In the present contribution, the water-cement-density ratio law for the standard curing 28-day compressive strength of cement-based materials including grout, normal concrete, ceramsite concrete, and foamed concrete is proposed. The standard curing 28-day compressive strength of different grouts, normal concrete, ceramsite concrete, and foamed concrete was tested. Simulations for Abrams’ law, Bolomey’s formula, and water-cement-density ratio law were carried out and compared. The water-cement-density ratio law illustrates better simulations for the prediction of the 28-day compressive strength of cement-based materials. The water-cement-density ratio law includes both the water-cement ratio and relative apparent density of the cement-based material. Relative apparent density of the cement-based material is an important one of all the factors determining the compressive strength of the cement-based material. The water-cement-density ratio law will be beneficial for the precise and generalized prediction of the 28-day standard curing compressive strength of cement-based materials.
Highlights
Portland cement-based materials such as grout, normal concrete, lightweight concrete, and foamed concrete have an extremely wide scale of application in civil engineering construction throughout the world and are expected to be used more extensively in the future as well
Precise and generalized prediction of properties based on composition of cement-based materials will be beneficial for engineering design and application of cement-based materials. e 28-day compressive strength is one of the first and foremost properties of cement-based materials for structural design of civil engineering
All specimens were cured at >95% RH and 20 ± 2°C for 28 days. e compressive strength was calculated as the average of three test specimens. e specimens were experimented at room temperature of 20 ± 2°C with a Portland cement (PC) Silica fume (SF) Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) FA
Summary
Portland cement-based materials such as grout, normal concrete, lightweight concrete, and foamed concrete have an extremely wide scale of application in civil engineering construction throughout the world and are expected to be used more extensively in the future as well. Properties of cement-based materials are determined by the whole component raw materials and their proportions. E 28-day compressive strength is one of the first and foremost properties of cement-based materials for structural design of civil engineering. How the 28-day compressive strength is determined by the composition of cement-based materials is not understood clearly enough. Since the invention of Portland cement in 1824, plenty of research works have proved that the 28-day compressive strength of cement-based materials is determined by raw materials including cement, supplementary cementitious materials, aggregate etc., proportions including water-cement ratio, sand-aggregate ratio, cement content, etc., and curing conditions including ambient temperature, pressure, and humidity. Abrams’ law and Bolomey’s formula both indicate that compressive strength of cementbased materials is mainly dependent on the water-cement ratio among all the other factors. It has been found that cement-sand ratio, supplementary cementitious material
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