Abstract
The world is currently experiencing one of the greatest refugee crises since the World War II. Africa is particularly concerned. The present investigation, conducted in summer 2016, aims at assessing the living conditions of refugees within the prisms of the water sanitation and hygiene promotion (WASH) standard in the Borgop-Cameroon refugees camp. For this, structured questionnaires are issued to 164 refugees and 6 United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) officials posted in the field. Both sets were complemented with key interviews, field observations and secondary data. It is found that some WASH standards such as the average amount of water needed per person, existence of protected water source, the proximity with water sources, the number of people per latrine, the distance between latrine and the closest water source and the existence of garbage pits round the camp are met conformingly to the sphere standards. However, there are many concerns regarding the queuing time at the tap, the presence of non-coverable water recipients, the non-accessibility of every household to a toilet, the presence of human feaces in the environment and the use of non-intimate or secure toilets. Such investigation can be very useful for the safety of millions of refugees in the world.
Highlights
The world is facing the most serious refugee crisis since the end of the World War II [1]
In Africa major new displacements occurred in the Central African Republic, South Sudan, Nigeria and Eritrea
Summary presentation of respondents and field investigation 100% of the respondents where from the Central African Republic. 84.1% of them arrived in 2014, 9.2% in 2015 and 6.7% in 2016. These figures prove to be coherent, given that the Borgop site was created in March 2014 to respond to massive arrival of refugees coming from CAR earlier 2014
Summary
The world is facing the most serious refugee crisis since the end of the World War II [1]. The fallouts from decolonization, Cold-war and post-Cold-War conflicts have taken their toll on human populations, forcing millions to flee their home countries [2, 3]. The result of these conflicts has been the emergence of grievous humanitarian crisis. In 2014, the number of refugees, asylum-seekers and internally displaced people worldwide, for the first time in the post-World War II era, exceeded 50 million people. By the end of 2014, conflicts in Syria for example, had forced 2.5 million people to flee their country and displaced another 6.5 million internally. The primary causes for these displacements are ethnic and political crises [5]
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