Abstract
Wastewater effluent disposal is a challenge in Moroccan rural area. Wastewater treatment is the only suitable solution to overcome these environmental constraints. Technology such as Multi-Soil-Layering (MSL) system is one of the most appropriate solution for the treatment of wastewater for small communities in rural areas. The MSL system overcomes many of the deficiencies of conventional soil treatment systems such as large land requirement clogging and low Hydraulic Loading Rate (HLR). The MSL systems are composed of Soil Mixture Blocks (SMB) arranged in a brick-like pattern and surrounded by Permeable Layers (PL). To investigate the efficiency of MSL systems in relation to HLR differences and the fluctuations in the wastewater contamination levels, three MSL pilot plants were alimented continuously by domestic wastewater, were constructed in three 36×30×65 cm plastic boxes, with different HLR of 250, 500 and 1000 l/m2/day. The main removal rates of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were higher at higher HLR. However, the kinetic rate constant of the MSL process implemented under Moroccan conditions is 130 d-1 at 25°C.
Highlights
The rural wastewater effluent characterized by very high concentrations of nutrients, organic contents and pathogens is a serious problem in Moroccan rural (El Hamouri et al, 2007)
The results show that the best removal rates of BOD5 and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were higher at higher Hydraulic Loading Rate (HLR)
The hydraulic loading rate inside the Multi-soillayering system revealed that the performance decreased with increasing loading rate
Summary
The rural wastewater effluent characterized by very high concentrations of nutrients, organic contents and pathogens is a serious problem in Moroccan rural (El Hamouri et al, 2007). More than 90% of the population in the rural areas are connected to drinking water triggering a remarkable increase in wastewater production, which requires immediate intervention by collecting and treating wastewater in this region. Various convenient technologies can be applied in rural areas, such as MSL systems. The technique of Multi-Soil-Layering (MSL) is a new technology developed in Japan by Wakatsuki et al (1993). Since, this technique has been enhanced, structured and adjusted. The use of MSL systems, for the treatment of domestic wastewater, has shown great success around the world. Many applications in Japan, China, Indonesia, Thailand and Hawaii have confirmed significant purification performance (Luanmanee et al, 2002)
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