Wastewater Reuse Focused on Industrial Applications

Abstract

Water scarcity is a pressing problem around the world. Many countries will be experiencing severe water shortages over the next decades, and this has become an issue for both the public and private sectors. The quality required for wastewater discharge should take into consideration concerns about public health and safe use. Wastewater reuse, including recycling, is an important component of both wastewater and water resource management. There are many wastewater reuse applications that do not require drinking water quality. The types of wastewater reuse are classified in four main categories: urban uses, industrial uses, agricultural uses and groundwater recharge. According to the pollutant components, the wastewater treatment technology, and the water quality obtained, the wastewater reuse type and system are selected observing the potential constraints due to the levels of remaining residual charge. Water is provided by water companies as a service and has many other industrial purposes. The suitability of reclaimed wastewater in industry depends on the process and on the particular purpose, and different purification grades may be required. Types of wastewater reuse, characterization of water contaminants, guidelines for wastewater reuse, industrial usage, water and wastewater management, treatment technologies, mass integration and industrial reuse cases are discussed in this chapter.