Abstract
To attain renewable energy goals, many developing countries, including Malaysia, acknowledge the adoption of waste-to-renewable energy (WTRE) technologies being the best means. The conversion of animal dung into biogas is one of the similar techniques. For a considerable amount of time, Malaysia has witnessed an increase in animal husbandry to generate massive feedstock, which can serve as the raw material for the generation of biogas. With the implementation of WTRE technologies, Malaysia is starting to use a suitable method of power generation from the conversion of animal dung to biogas. The application of an alternative method of power generation by Malaysia is converting animal dung to biogas. Use of animal dung conversion to biogas is considered as a suitable method for power generation. For the application of WTRE technologies, this phenomenon is examined by the current article. As a further step, a thorough analysis of Malaysia’s waste management issues and the energy mix has been done. The current issue at hand regarding the power generation in Malaysia is optimizing new and suitable energy sources. In this regard, WTRE transition has been identified as the primary and inevitable source of the energy transition. The article consists of an explanation of various technologies of power generation utilizing municipal waste. Malaysia’s massive potential capacity to produce biogas energy through waste has been analytically identified. Malaysian animal dung can yield biogas up to 1,317.20 mm3/annum, which can eventually result in power generation of 2.1 × 104 kWh/annum. Relevant policies are discussed for Malaysia to implement long-term biogas generation. This study did not include the obstacles to WTRE in Malaysia and other developing countries, providing an opportunity for future works to consider this research dimension.
Highlights
To meet the energy requirements of day-by-day increasing population, the need for renewable energy sources to be used as an alternative is rising (Irfan et al, 2019b; Shahzad et al, 2020; Iqbal et al, 2021)
According to Mittal et al (2018) and Ahmad and Wu (2022), sustainable development goals (SDGs) of providing energy to all, upgrading environmental security, and providing adequate health and sanitation services can be achieved through the adoption of biogas technology improving environmental security and maintaining proper sanitation and health (Irfan and Ahmad, 2021)
The traditional research provided substantial gaps to be filled by the recent research. Filling these gaps would provide an estimate of the existing potentials for the practitioners, policymakers, and electricity generation companies to capitalize on the waste resources to convert them to renewable energy
Summary
To meet the energy requirements of day-by-day increasing population, the need for renewable energy sources to be used as an alternative is rising (Irfan et al, 2019b; Shahzad et al, 2020; Iqbal et al, 2021). Economic and population growth resulting in rapid accumulation of waste is another obstacle faced by Malaysia Instead of using it as a source of WTRE-based power generation, all the organic waste is disposed in landfills (Adebayo and Kirikkaleli, 2021; Fatima et al, 2021). The objective of this article is to provide a deep analysis of the recent trends and main features of the plan to implement renewable biogas generation from original waste as a substitute for N&RE resources in Malaysia (Fatima et al, 2019). The traditional research provided substantial gaps to be filled by the recent research Filling these gaps would provide an estimate of the existing potentials for the practitioners, policymakers, and electricity generation companies to capitalize on the waste resources to convert them to renewable energy.
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