Waste-to-Fuel Approach: Valorization of Lignin from Coconut Coir Pith

Abstract

Coconut Coir Pith (CCP) is a relatively unexplored type of lignocellulosic waste from the coconut industry. As a feedstock that is highly enriched in lignin (Klason lignin content of 40.9 wt % found in this study), CCP is a potential source for renewable lignin-derived materials. We have performed a systematic study on the characterization and valorization of lignin from CCP. We have investigated two different valorization approaches: reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) and soda pulping followed by catalytic hydrodeoxygenation. During RCF, the lignin was converted into monomeric products in 7.6 wt %. Using soda pulping conditions, we were able to isolate lignin from CCP in 74% yield. Subsequent hydrotreatment of the lignin over a Pt/MoO3/TiO2 catalyst resulted in the formation of hydrogenated oil in 43 wt % yield, suitable for the production of biobased diesel fuels and lubricant base oils.