Abstract
Havana has the highest population and consequently generation of municipal solid wastes (MSW) in Cuba. In Havana, the final deposition method for MSW is mainly landfills. However, in most cases, they exceed their lifetime of operation becoming in reality dumpsites without energy recovery from wastes. In this regard, waste-to-energy is a well-established technology for MSW treatment. The aim of this work was to carry out a techno-economic assessment for a proposed waste-to-energy plant in the city of Havana. A step-wise methodology based on two process analysis tools (i.e., Excel and Aspen Plus models) was used for the technical evaluation. Simulation results are in agreement with data from real plants, showing that it is possible to produce 227.1 GWh of electricity per year, representing 6% of the current demand in Havana. The economic analysis showed the feasibility of the project with a net present value of 35,483,853 USD. Results from the sensitivity analyses show the effect of the economy of scale when changes in low heating value were considered. Finally, a hypothetical best scenario was studied considering the net effect on the average Cuban salary.
Highlights
Nowadays, one of the challenges that must be faced by a growing society is its waste management.According to the World Bank, 1.3 billion tons per year of municipal solid wastes (MSW) are generated globally, which is expected double by 2025 (Hoornweg and Bhada-Tata 2012)
Significant reductions of expenses for Havana residents were achieved in comparison to the and Aspen Plus )
A step-wise methodology consisting in the determination of the waste generation rate, composition and low heating value as first stages was applied
Summary
According to the World Bank, 1.3 billion tons per year of municipal solid wastes (MSW) are generated globally, which is expected double by 2025 (Hoornweg and Bhada-Tata 2012). In low- and middle-income countries (e.g., in Latin American and The Caribbean), this situation is even more difficult. It is not possible to ensure access to a proper waste management system addressed to eliminate uncontrolled disposal and burning. It is a priority for local governments to promote innovative and effective initiatives toward a sustainable system regarding solid waste management (Wilson et al 2015). Important is the role of sustainable waste management as part of sustainable development in the policies of many countries of Latin America and The Caribbean (LAC)
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