Waste minimization of fishery industry in Muara Angke, Jakarta: a comparison of chemical and biological silage processes

Abstract

Rising environmental concerns on climate changes are causing an increasing attention on reducing wastes dumped to the landfills. As Indonesia’s marine fishery industry is in developing stage in its capacity and production systems which consequently increases generation of wastes. Approximately 25-35% of fish production will ultimately become residue or waste due to the unsophisticated technology of fish storage and processing facilities. Most of their wastes dumped in landfills which subsequently impact the environment. Waste minimization program like upcycling waste into the more useful product can be an option for not only dumping wastes dumped into the landfill but also subsequently reducing greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2 and methane. This study evaluated the biological and chemical processes of fish silage production using various additives, including molasses as a carbon source and formic acid. Experiments were conducted in five anaerobic reactors containing 10 kg of fish waste each; the observation period was 40 days. The results indicated that adding molasses (10%, 15%, and 20% in volume) and Lactobacillus plantarum to fish waste significantly influenced pH and water/ash content. On average, the silage process reduced around 38% of fish wastes dumped in a landfill.