Abstract
AbstractA waste management model associated with public-private partnerships (WMMPPP) was formulated and applied to the City of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The WMMPPP has the advantages of considering a combination of public and private services so that trade-offs between system costs and service quality can be addressed. Meanwhile, uncertain information presented as interval numbers can be effectively communicated into the optimization processes such that feasible decision alternatives can be made through the interpretation and analysis of the interval solutions according to projected applicable system conditions. The model minimizes the inexact costs (direct costs, indirect costs, and penalties) under three waste-service-delivery scenarios: (1) 100% in-house public services, (2) a combination of public and private services, and (3) 100% private services. These three scenarios covered most types of the municipal solid waste (MSW) management systems in North American municipalities. The results indicated t...
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