Waste-free processing of lowland peat for production of liquid organomineral fertilizers

Abstract

The Tyumen Region holds extensive resources of peat, which should be considered as a raw material for the production of organic and organomineral fertilizers. The purpose of this research is the development of a waste-free technology for the production of organomineral fertilizers based on humic substances of lowland peat. The tests of three grades of organomineral fertilizer were carried out in accordance with the State Test Methodology, and soil properties were determined in accordance with the relevant state standards (GOSTs). The humic acid extraction method developed at the General Chemistry Department of the Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University produces two types of waste in a large volume: a liquid sediment mixture after separation of humic substances from peat and a supernatant solution after precipitation of humic acids. At present, a non-waste method for obtaining organic-mineral fertilizers from lowland peat has been patented. From a liquid sedimentary mixture of peat and humic substances, a peat–humic fertilizer is prepared for application to the soil. This fertilizer increases crop productivity and humus content, and reduces soil acidity. From the supernatant solution with fulvic acids, a huminomineral fertilizer is prepared for foliar feeding of plants. After centrifugation, a humic product is prepared from the gel of precipitated humic acids for pre-sowing, foliar and root feeding of plants. The products were tested on spring wheat, spring rapeseed, onion and apple trees. All products increased the yield and quality of products. The profitability of the production of three grades of organomineral (one product of each stage of production) fertilizer in comparison with the production technology of only one biostimulant is increased by 2.3 times. Currently, the procedure for their state registration is underway.