Waste discharge concentration and quadratic thermal radiation influences on time-dependent nanofluid flow over a porous rotating sphere

Abstract

The nature of waste discharge concentration on time-dependent nanofluid flowing over a rotating sphere is examined in the conducted research. The linear and quadratic radiation influences are considered in the energy transport equation. The flow generation occurs due to a sphere’s revolution with time-dependent angular velocity. The term external pollutant concentration is modeled in the concentration equation. Titanium dioxide ( Ti O 2 ) nanoparticles are inserted into base-liquid water ( H 2 O ) . Similar variables are reported for the conversion of the problem. The converted problem is computed through the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg (RKF) scheme. The study outcomes obtained from a numerical scheme are presented with the help of graphs. The rise in the linear and quadratic thermal radiation factors will enhance the thermal profile. Improvement in local pollutant external source and external pollutant source parameters will improve the concentration profile. The mass transfer rate will improve by adding the solid volume fraction and escalated values of local pollutant external source constraints.