Abstract
The wastes coming from a steel foundry located in Italy, producing about 600,000 t/y of steel slabs, are considered in this work. The plant produces about 143,000 t/y of wastes, made of furnace and ladle slags (84%), pelletized dust (8%) and oxidised shaving (8%). The waste materials have been characterised by means of particle-size and chemical analyses, and some reuse/recycle possibilities are considered. The recycle as inert material of the slags was evaluated by means of several leaching tests according to the Italian (UNI10802 test, equivalent to EN 12457/2 test), French (AFNOR X31-210 test), Danish and European Community (EN 12457/4 test) regulations. The requirements of the above mentioned regulations were compared and discussed. The possibility of landfilling the materials as inert or not dangerous wastes according to Italian Law (DM 3/8/2005) and European Community regulation (Decision of European Community Council N°2003/33) was also considered.
Highlights
The reuse as inert material of the industrial wastes is a primary issue considered worldwide
The regulations are generally based on the results of leaching tests, aimed to evaluate the potential impact produced by the industrial waste in a natural context
The international regulations foresee codified procedures to perform the leaching tests, and a waste material may be inserted in a natural context only if the pollutants concentration values determined in the leachate are lower than the limits prescribed by each Country
Summary
The reuse as inert material of the industrial wastes is a primary issue considered worldwide. The regulations are generally based on the results of leaching tests, aimed to evaluate the potential impact produced by the industrial waste in a natural context. Leaching tests are employed in numerous Countries to evaluate the waste acceptance requirements in different landfill categories. A reliable leaching test must take into account both physical (particle-size distribution, temperature, porosity, procedure to put in contact solid and liquid phases) and chemical parameters (pH, redox potential and kinetic aspects), which determine the release of pollutants from the solid phase to the leachate, simulating the environmental conditions of which the waste would become part. The international regulations foresee codified procedures to perform the leaching tests, and a waste material may be inserted in a natural context only if the pollutants concentration values determined in the leachate are lower than the limits prescribed by each Country. The possibility of landfilling the considered materials as inert or not dangerous wastes according to Italian Law (DM 3/8/2005) and European Community regulation (Decision of European Community Council N°2003/33), respectively based on EN 12457/2 test and on EN 12457/4 test, was considered
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