Waqf Based Philanthropy: A Definition and Obstacles to Waqf Knowledge Acquisition in North-Western Nigeria

Abstract

In developing countries the development and study of philanthropy is at a formative stage. Nonetheless, there is growing interest among scholars in waqf based philanthropy and the need to harness its potentials to address social problems and development challenges in Muslim communities in Northwestern Nigeria. This paper examines the need for a clear definition of the waqf based philanthropy concept and its links with waqf system and waqf institution. By examining secondary sources on waqf studies and obstacles to the acquisition of waqf knowledge among Muslims in the study area, the paper argues that unless donors acquire broader knowledge of waqf and its ultimate purpose as entrenched in the wisdom behind waqf, waqf practices will continue to be skewed and the quality of life of the ummah will continue deteriorating due to inadequate social infrastructures. The paper recommends, among others, that measures should be taken to overcome barriers to waqf awareness. Additionally, assertions about the non-existence of waqf institution in Hausaland in the past should be verified if waqf practices are to be put on a sound footing today as a basis for deriving sustainable benefits for the Muslim ummah in the future.