Abstract
Mosque’s prayer hall needs optimal reverberation time to get clear sound in the mosque, especially during praying. Praying rites need clear sound . “Desa’s” mosques are dominant in quantity in Indonesia. They had many different types. The difference of geometric form affected acoustic performance. In this study, Desa’s mosques would be observed according to their space form: dome, tajug (crown), and flat ceiling. This study would observed six samples of prayer hall, with two samples for each type/form of ceiling: two samples for prayer hall with dome ceiling, two samples for prayer hall with crown ceiling, and two samples for prayer hall with flat ceiling. The result shows that there were no space-ceiling that have optimum reverberation time (RT). All space ceiling type have higher RT than the RT standart. It shows that all the samples perform bad quality of acoustic. According to this research, the best form of ceiling was flat ceiling, while dome ceiling was the worst ones. Keywords: reverberation time, prayer hall of mosque, form of ceiling
Highlights
Mosque’s prayer hall needs optimal reverberation time to get clear sound in the mosque, especially during praying
“Desa’s” mosques are dominant in quantity in Indonesia
All space ceiling type have higher reverberation time (RT) than the RT standart. It shows that all the samples perform bad quality of acoustic
Summary
Kegiatan dalam ruang sholat masjid yang sering dilakukan adalah kegiatankegiatan ibadah yang membutuhkan kejelasan penyampaian suara, seperti sholat berjamaah, pembacaan ayat suci, dan ceramah keagamaan. Kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut bisa dilakukan dengan baik jika sebuah masjid memiliki kualitas akustik yang baik. Kejelasan penyampaian suara ditentukan oleh parameter akustika ruang, yaitu waktu dengung (RT). Fungsi masjid masuk ke dalam fungsi ruang perbincangan (speech) yang membutuhkan waktu dengung cenderung pendek. Jenis masjid desa (masjid yang berkapasitas 100-400 orang) banyak tersebar di Indonesia sehingga jenis masjid ini perlu dikaji lebih lanjut. Setiyowati (2008) dan Setiawan (2011) sama-sama mengkaji akustik ruang masjid berdasarkan perbedaan bentuk plafon yang dibagi menjadi tiga bentuk, yaitu kubah, tajug, dan datar. Ketiga bentuk plafon masjid ini dianggap mewakili tipologi masjid yang berkembang di Indonesia, sehingga penelitian akan difokuskan pada ruang sholat masjid desa berdasarkan perbedaan bentuk plafon kubah, tajug, dan datar
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