Abstract

ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between depressive symptoms and waist-to-hip ratio, dyslipidemia, glycemic levels or blood pressure among diabetic and non-diabetic Chinese women.Methods11,908 women aged ≥40 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, including 2,511 with type 2 diabetes and 9,397 without. Depressive symptoms (defined as having mild-to-severe depressive symptoms) were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) diagnostic algorithm. The prevalence and the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for having depressive symptoms were estimated using logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe age-adjusted prevalence of depressive symptoms was significantly higher in non-diabetic subjects with waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) ≥0.9 (8.6%, age-adjusted OR 1.51 [95% CI 1.17, 1.95]), total cholesterol (TC)>6.22 mmol/L (8.8%, 1.58 [1.16, 2.15]), and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥6.00 mmol/L (7.7%, 1.69 [1.34, 2.14]), while it was significantly lower in non-diabetic subjects with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between 80 to 89 mmHg (6.2%, 0.78 [0.64, 0.95]). These relationships remained significant even after controlling for multiple factors (WHR ≥0.9: multivariable-adjusted OR 1.39 [95% CI 1.07, 1.80]; TC>6.22 mmol/L: 1.56 [1.14, 2.12]; HbA1c ≥6.00 mmol/L: 1.64 [1.30, 2.08]; DBP 80-89 mmHg: 0.78 [0.64, 0.95]). However, no significant trend between depressive symptoms and WHC, TC, HbA1c, DBP was observed in diabetic women, and no significant trend relationship between depressive symptoms and BMI, WC, TG, or SBP was observed in both non-diabetic and diabetic women. Moreover, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was significantly higher in previously-diagnosed diabetes, compared with non-diabetic subjects, while no significant differences were observed between newly-diagnosed diabetes and non-diabetic subjects.ConclusionThe present study showed a relationship between WHR, TC, HbA1c, DBP and depressive symptoms among non-diabetic women, while no significant relationship between them was observed among diabetic women, even after controlling for multiple confounding factors.

Highlights

  • Depression is a mental health illness responsible for 11.8% of YLDs, with a point prevalence of approximately 6% in the Chinese population [1],[2]

  • We examined the relationships between Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) vis-a-vis waist-hip ratio (WHR), and depressive symptoms in Chinese women, as WHR is a measure of body shape and to some extent of lower trunk adiposity since it does not account for the differing ratios of adipose to lean tissue, nor does it distinguish between general or central obesity

  • The percentages of nondiabetic women who were alcohol drinker or smoker were significantly higher whereas the percentages of adults who exercised regularly were significantly lower among participants with depressive symptoms than among those without (P,0.05 for all comparisons)

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Summary

Introduction

Depression is a mental health illness responsible for 11.8% of YLDs (years lived with disability), with a point prevalence of approximately 6% in the Chinese population [1],[2]. The present cross-sectional study examined the relationship between depressive symptoms and type 2 diabetes. As type 2 diabetes has a marked impact on depression, the present study divided the subjects into diabetic and non-diabetic groups, and evaluated the relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome components—abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and glycemic control, blood pressure–in both diabetic and nondiabetic Chinese women. We examined the relationships between BMI, WC vis-a-vis waist-hip ratio (WHR), and depressive symptoms in Chinese women, as WHR is a measure of body shape and to some extent of lower trunk adiposity since it does not account for the differing ratios of adipose to lean tissue, nor does it distinguish between general or central obesity

Objectives
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Conclusion

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