Abstract
This article is based on a research on religious moderation in Pesantren (Islamic Boarding School) reviewed from the perspective of Ibn Arabi. It focuses on the violation of belief and religious freedom (KKB) in Indonesia, with its intensity through coercion and subjective judgement against other beliefs and sects. This study aims to relate wahdat al-wujūd, the concept of Ibn Arabi, with religious moderation concept in pesantren. This study found that (1) the concept of wahdat al-wujūd has philosophically constructed moderate mental and mindset; (2) pesantrens are able to instill the concept of religious moderation into students through their educational system; and (3) through wahdat al-wujūd Ibn Arabi proposes unifying concept and the nature of human being supporting the existence of religious moderation.
Highlights
Diversity is an essential part of life
This study found that (1) the concept of wahdat al-wujūd has philosophically constructed moderate mental and mindset; (2) pesantren can instil the concept of religious moderation into students through their educational system, and (3) through wahdat al-wujūd, Ibn Arabi proposes unifying concept and the nature of human being supporting the existence of religious moderation
Religious moderation in the Islamic perspective can be divided into four aspects: moderation in creed, worship, ethics, and sharia or Islamic law
Summary
As social beings, humans should endeavour tolerance to promote peace as diversity includes character, religion, culture, and even race and ethnicity. Religion can play a pivotal role in the unity of society besides race and culture. On the other hand, it can trigger worse clashes besides race, culture, and community moral values (integrating force). Living in harmony is a natural social interaction among individuals and groups with various interests and mutually beneficial needs. The development of technology and media information makes it easier for the community to interact through pages, channels, and social media. Some need specific efforts to filter data before poor digestion and dissemination so that false news or hoaxes will not harm diversity. Curtis suggested that community has three interaction abilities such as cooperation (affiliation), in problem solving and conflicts (cooperations and revolution conflict), hospitality, attention, compassion (kindness, care and empathetic skills).[1]
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